Richmond experiences a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification *Cfa*), characterized by four distinct seasons. Summers are hot and humid, with average July highs around 90°F (32°C) and frequent afternoon thunderstorms. Winters are generally mild to moderately cold; January highs average near 47°F (8°C), though nighttime temperatures frequently dip below freezing.
Precipitation is well-distributed throughout the year, averaging about 43.5 inches (1,105 mm) annually. Snowfall is highly variable, averaging around 10 inches (25 cm) per winter, though some years see almost none while others experience significant coastal storms (Nor'easters). The best times to visit are during the spring (April and May) and fall (September and October) when the weather is temperate and the region's flora—particularly dogwoods, azaleas, and autumn foliage—is in full bloom. Natural disasters are relatively rare, though the city is occasionally affected by the remnants of Atlantic hurricanes which can bring heavy rain and localized flooding.