Oregon has one of the most diverse agricultural sectors in the United States because of its range of climates, soils, and elevations. Farming is concentrated in the **Willamette Valley**, **Columbia Basin**, **southern valleys**, and several irrigated parts of central and eastern Oregon.
## Major crops and products
- **Hazelnuts**: Oregon is the leading U.S. producer. - **Wine grapes**: Especially prominent in the Willamette Valley, Rogue Valley, Umpqua Valley, and Columbia Gorge areas. - **Berries**: Blueberries, strawberries, blackberries, raspberries, and marionberries are widely grown. - **Nursery and greenhouse products**: One of the state's most valuable farm sectors. - **Grass seed**: Historically important, particularly in the Willamette Valley. - **Wheat**: Especially in north-central and northeastern Oregon. - **Potatoes, onions, and other row crops**: Important in irrigated eastern Oregon regions. - **Tree fruits and pears**: Grown in Hood River and parts of southern Oregon. - **Mint, hops, vegetables, and specialty seeds**: Regionally significant.
## Livestock
- **Cattle and calves** are important in eastern and southeastern Oregon. - **Dairy** production exists in several western valleys. - **Sheep, goats, and poultry** are present but generally less dominant statewide than cattle.
## Fisheries and forestry
- **Commercial fisheries** operate from coastal ports, targeting species that can include salmon, Dungeness crab, and groundfish, subject to regulation and seasonality. - **Forestry** is not agriculture in a narrow sense, but forest land management and timber production remain central to Oregon's rural land economy.
## Food systems and organics
Oregon has a visible **farm-to-table** culture, strong farmers market networks, and a notable presence in **organic farming**, specialty foods, artisan cheese, beverages, and craft agricultural products. Irrigation, water rights, drought, labor availability, wildfire smoke, and land-use policy are major factors affecting the sector.
