Madrid's infrastructure is highly developed, reflecting its status as a modern European capital.
* **Water & Sanitation:** Water is supplied by Canal de Isabel II, a public company. Madrid is famous across Spain for the exceptionally high quality and taste of its tap water, which is sourced from reservoirs in the nearby Sierra de Guadarrama. * **Energy:** Electricity is supplied via a stable national grid, with an increasing percentage generated from renewable sources like wind and solar. * **Telecommunications:** The city enjoys ubiquitous high-speed broadband and fiber-optic internet. 5G cellular networks cover the entirety of the urban area. * **Waste Management:** Madrid has an extensive municipal waste collection system, including widespread recycling facilities for paper, glass, plastic, and organic waste.