Kerala has a population of approximately 34.6 million people (per the 2011 census, with modest projected growth). It is notable for its unique demographic indicators, often compared to those of developed nations. It boasts the highest literacy rate in India (approximately 96.2%), the highest life expectancy (around 75 years), and a sex ratio that actively favors women (1,084 females per 1,000 males).
The population is highly diverse and historically harmonious, comprising approximately 54% Hindus, 26% Muslims, and 18% Christians. The primary language is Malayalam. Kerala also has a massive diaspora; millions of Malayalis work abroad, particularly in the Gulf states (UAE, Saudi Arabia, Qatar), and their remittances form a crucial pillar of the state's economy.