As a province of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Khuzestan is administered by a Governor-General (Ostandar) who is appointed by the Minister of Interior and approved by the national cabinet. The provincial government is headquartered in the capital city of Ahvaz.
Khuzestan is subdivided into numerous counties (*shahrestan*), each headed by a governor (*farmandar*). Major counties include Ahvaz, Abadan, Dezful, Khorramshahr, Mahshahr, and Shush. These counties are further divided into districts (*bakhsh*) and rural districts (*dehestan*).
The citizens of Khuzestan elect representatives to the Islamic Consultative Assembly (the Majlis or national parliament) based on their electoral districts. The province also elects representatives to the Assembly of Experts. Municipal councils, elected by the public, oversee local urban management and elect the mayors for individual cities.