Bharananganam operates under the Panchayati Raj system of local governance. It is administered by the Bharananganam Grama Panchayat, an elected local body responsible for basic civic amenities, local infrastructure, sanitation, and grassroots welfare programs. The Panchayat is divided into several wards, each represented by an elected member.
On a state level, the village falls under the Pala Legislative Assembly constituency, sending a representative (MLA) to the Kerala Legislative Assembly in Thiruvananthapuram. Nationally, it is part of the Kottayam Lok Sabha constituency, represented by a Member of Parliament (MP) in New Delhi.