Agriculture is the lifeblood of Bharananganam's landscape. The reigning cash crop is natural rubber (*Hevea brasiliensis*), which covers the majority of the hillside terrain.
In addition to rubber, local farmers cultivate a rich variety of traditional Kerala crops. Coconuts, black pepper, cardamom, nutmeg, and cocoa are commonly grown in multi-tier agroforestry systems around homesteads. Food crops such as tapioca (cassava), yams, plantains, and jackfruit are cultivated for local consumption. The farming practices are predominantly traditional, with a growing modern interest in organic farming and sustainable soil management.